Citing Sources: APA

For more information go to APA Style Examples.

Book or eBook

Book: Last name , F. M. and Last name F. M. (year of publication). Title of book. City: Publisher.

• Include the DOI number or stable web link if available for an ebook.
• Example:
  • Tanaka, S. (2006). Climate Change. Toronto: Groundwood Books.
• Example:
  • Svendsen, S., & Løber, L. (2020). The big picture/Academic writing: The one-hour guide (3rd digital ed.). Hans Reitzel Forlag. https://thebigpicture-academicwriting.digi.hansreitzel.dk/

Journal Article

Last name, F. M. & Last name, F. M. (year of publication). Title of article. Title of Journal, volume number (issue number if available), (page numbers). If the journal article has a DOI, include the DOI in the reference after the last period.

• Example:
  • King, N. S., & Kirwilliam, S. (2011). Permanent post-concussion symptoms after mild head injury. Brain Injury, 25 (5), 462-470.

Magazine

Last name , F. M. (Year, Month Date Published). Article title. Magazine Title, Page numbers. If the magazine article has a DOI, include the DOI in the reference after the last period.

• Example:
  • Dittrich, L. (2012, O.). Easy come, easy go. Bicycling, 57 .

Encyclopedia or Reference Article

If no author is listed, then start with the article title (year published).

Last, F. M., & Last, F. M. (Year Published). Article title. In Encyclopedia name (pp. (page numbers)). City, State: Publisher.

• Example:
  • Ciment, J. (2008). Poetry. Encyclopedia of the jazz age (pp. 413-414). Armonk, NY: M. E. Sharpe.

General Formatting for Electronic Resources

• APA does not use spaces with brackets.
• Web address are not required for electronic databases.
• Include the year, month, and date in references. Use the year of publication if the month and date are not available. If no date is available use n.d.
• Include the author(s) if available.
• Indent all lines five spaces after the first line.

For more information go to APA Style Examples.

General website: page or document
Last name, F. M., & Last name, F. M. (Date of publication). Title of document. Name of website. Retrieved http://web address

List as much of the information as possible

• Example:
  • Bambach, C. (2012). Leonardo da Vinci, The Metropolitan Museum of Art. Retrieved http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/leon/hd_leon.htm

Online magazine article

Last name, F. M., & Last name, F. M. (Date of publication). Title of article. Title of Online Periodical, volume number (issue number if available). Retrieved http://www.someaddress.com/full/url/

• Example:
  • Luckerson, V. (2013, January 25). 10 tips for getting the most out of college. Time, 109. Retrived http://business.time.com/2013/01/25/10-tips-for-getting-the-most-out-of-college-financial-aid/?iid=biz-main-lead

Article or publication retrieved from an electronic database

• Include database information, URL is not required.
• Only use retrieval dates if the source could change, such as blogs and wikis.
• Include the DOI number if available instead of the web address after the last period.
• Examples would be electronic databases like AtoZtheWorld, Explora, EBSCOhost, and Opposing Viewpoints

Last name, F. M., & Last name, F. M. (Date of publication). Title of article. Title of Journal, volume number, page range. Retrieved http://www.someaddress.com/full/url/

• Examples:
  • Badgerlink :
    • Hemenway, C. (2012). The Steep Price of Sandy's 'Minor' Wind Damage. National Underwriter / P&C , 116 (37), 8.
      • Include DOI number after the last period if available.

Online encyclopedia or reference book

Same as a print book.

Electronic books

Same as a print book.